雅思考試分為聽力、閱讀、寫作和口語這四門考試科目，但相對(duì)于中國(guó)考生來說，閱讀是比較容易拿分并提分最快的科目。但往往因?yàn)闀r(shí)間問題而抓狂，因雅思閱讀包含3篇文章并且每篇文章字?jǐn)?shù)都不少于2000詞以上，烤鴨們需要回答40道題，而這些通通要在1個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成，時(shí)間相對(duì)來說還是比較緊張的，所以我們就很有必要弄清楚如何在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)高效地讀完文章并回答問題。

  下面是練習(xí)+實(shí)戰(zhàn)時(shí)的具體雅思閱讀高分技巧 Tips

  Tip1:先讀題后讀文章

  讀文章時(shí)，你的大腦經(jīng)常會(huì)努力地想象文章主要內(nèi)容的有關(guān)場(chǎng)景，這是一件很費(fèi)神的事情，如果你在讀文章之前快速地讀一下問題，就會(huì)將閱讀重點(diǎn)放在你需要的信息上，帶著問題去文中找答案，從而更有效率，不必為此費(fèi)腦。

  通過設(shè)置的問題你會(huì)了解文章內(nèi)容的大概框架，知道接下來會(huì)讀到什么會(huì)讓你讀的更快。

  每篇雅思閱讀文章都是有邏輯的，符合我們正常的思維邏輯，讀過問題后，你大概能猜得到答案在文章的什么位置。

  下面以劍4,Test1,Passage1為例：

  Question 1-8

  Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

  In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet write

  TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

  FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

  NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

  1.The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the media.

  2.Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their classrooms.

  3.It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the'pure'science that they study at school.

  4.The fact that children's ideas about science from part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them.

  5.The study involved asking children a number of yes/no questions such as'Are there any rainforests in Africa?'

  6.Girls are more likely than boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforests'destruction.

  7.The study reported here follows on from a series of studies that have looked at children'sunderstanding of rainforests.

  8.A second study has been planned to investigate primary school children's ideas about rainforests.

  通過讀問題，我們很快就能確定一些關(guān)鍵詞，從而了解文章大意：

  rainforests;

  children's mistaken views/ideas/understanding /opinions;

  science...

  所以接下來要讀的內(nèi)容大概就是圍繞children's ideas about rainforests展開的。

  這8個(gè)陳述呈現(xiàn)了文章的大致框架:現(xiàn)象(plight)-具體問題(the fact that...)-研究(study)，同時(shí)這些句子順序也是其涉及到的內(nèi)容在文章中出現(xiàn)的先后順序，所以我們能較快定位答案的大概位置。

  但是，同學(xué)們可不要過于心急，一上來就憑推斷答題，還是要花時(shí)間略讀文章，讓自己更有把握。

  Tip2: 按照開頭-結(jié)尾-主體的順序閱讀

  審?fù)觐}后，就要開始閱讀文章段落啦。Vicky建議這一步不要超過5分鐘。

  那么如何完美地處理文章呢?

  建議先讀開頭段，跳過文章主體部分，直接讀結(jié)尾段。

  我們一起來分析一下劍4,Test1,Passage1：

  READING PASSAGE 1

  You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

  開頭段：

  揭示現(xiàn)象?Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests. 例證?【For example,one graphic illustration to which children might readily relate is the estimate that rainforests are being destroyed at a rate equivalent to one thousand football fields every forty minutes–about the duration of a normal classroom period.】 結(jié)果?In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests–what and where they are, why they are important,what endangers them-independent of any formal tuition.論點(diǎn)? It is also possible that some of these ideas will be mistaken.

  Body

  ......

  ......

  結(jié)尾段：

  觀點(diǎn)?Pupils did not volunteer ideas that suggested that they appreciated the complexityof causes of rainforest destruction.具體解釋?【 In other words,they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the rage of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social,economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.】發(fā)展 ?One encouragement is that the results of similar studies about other environmental issues suggest that older children seem to acquire the ability to appreciate value and evaluate conflicting views.解決方案? Environmental education offers an arena in which these skills can be developed,which is essential for these children as future decision-makers.

  1.開頭段交代了這篇文章要討論的主要內(nèi)容，算是一個(gè)“引子”，暗示了下文具體要分析的問題： how these ideas are mistaken.

  在讀的過程中，各位小伙伴可以按照上面的邏輯進(jìn)行閱讀，現(xiàn)象、例證、觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行標(biāo)注，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，做題時(shí)也便于及時(shí)查找。

  2.結(jié)尾段，通常是對(duì)文章主要觀點(diǎn)的總結(jié)歸納以及延伸。

  結(jié)尾段中的第1句 Pupils did not volunteer ideas that......就是文章的主要結(jié)論，并且給出具體解釋;

  接著又延伸了一些內(nèi)容，指出了同類問題的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)或者解決方案等,如Environmental education offers an arena ......

  3.主體部分大多是具體事例的分析來印證主要觀點(diǎn)。

  這樣“先頭后尾”的閱讀方法可以提前了解文章大意，再讀中間的主體部分就會(huì)容易很多，有時(shí)甚至不必閱讀主體部分的所有段落，可以略讀，如快速地閱讀某一段的第一句和最后一句，就能掌握本段的大概意思。這樣不但節(jié)省時(shí)間，還能抓住主要信息。

  Tip3: 精讀略讀相結(jié)合

  如何略讀?如何精讀?

  1.略讀，即迅速地閱讀文本，掌握文章或段落大意。

  具體操作如下：

  詞匯層面：

  在閱讀文章時(shí)，碰到不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞不要停下來回頭讀好幾遍句子，一往無前就好啦。

  如果是一些解題關(guān)鍵詞(觀點(diǎn)詞，情感詞等)，可以根據(jù)它周圍的其他單詞或句子猜測(cè)它的意思，有個(gè)大概理解即可。

  劍4,Test1,Passage1：

  Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about'pure' curriculum science.These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework,making it and the component ideas,some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification.These ideas may be developed by children absorbing ideas through the popular media. Sometimes this information may be erroneous.It seems schools may not be providing an opportunity for children to re-express their ideas and so have them tested and refined by teachers and their peers.

  如上面這段中的"erroneous"一詞，我們可以先找到它所在的句子，句子的前兩個(gè)詞為these misconception，可見講的是“誤解”，erroneous前面的主語又是ideas, 所以可以猜測(cè)其意思為“錯(cuò)誤的”。

  句子層面：

  要想迅速地鎖定文章中的主要觀點(diǎn)，就要找到每段的中心句，通常它們常常潛伏在段落的開頭或末尾，所以要讀頭讀尾。

  例子可以略過。

  一旦你找到主要觀點(diǎn)，就不必再讀所有的論證句子，可以放過訊速地看下一段啦。

  如上面我們分析過的文章第一段：

  現(xiàn)象? Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests. 【For example,one graphic illustration to which children might readily relate is the estimate that rainforests are being destroyed at a rate equivalent to one thousand football fields every forty minutes–about the duration of a normal classroom period.】 In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests–what and where they are, why they are important,what endangers them-independent of any formal tuition.論點(diǎn)?It is also possible that some of these ideas will be mistaken.

  讀頭讀尾后，基本確定了此段的觀點(diǎn)是:some of the ideas about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests will be mistaken by children.舉例是為了支撐觀點(diǎn)，所以可以忽略。

  2.雅思考試中的精讀≠逐字逐句去讀

  在考試中，我們不需要全篇精讀， 當(dāng)我們通過讀題找到文中答案的大概位置時(shí)，只需要精讀那幾句話，通過同近義詞、上下義改寫和句子邏輯的比對(duì)等方法，進(jìn)而選出答案。

  舉個(gè)栗子，

  上文中判斷正誤的Question 5:

  The study involved asking children a number of yes/no questions such as'Are there any rainforests in Africa?'

  通過關(guān)鍵詞我們定位到了原文中答案所在段落：

  The study surveys children's scientific knowledge and attitudes to rainforests.Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions.The most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are self-evident from the term 'rainforest'.Some children described them as damp,wet or hot.The second question concerned the geographicallocation of rainforests. The commonest responses were continents or countries: Africa(given by 43% of children),South America (30%), Brazil (25%). Some children also gave more general locations, such as being near the Equator.

  前兩句話，就是需要我們精讀的句子，通過比對(duì)我們發(fā)現(xiàn): five open-form questions 和yes/no questions是相反的概念，所以問題的答案為False.

  各位小伙伴要注意，在考前做題練習(xí)中進(jìn)行精讀，就需要你踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地下功夫了，包括以下幾個(gè)方面：

  詞匯：

  弄懂不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞匯、積累高頻考點(diǎn)詞、找出題干中的同近義詞和上下義替換的詞組，這些地方往往都是出題點(diǎn);

  然后把這些同近義詞 和表達(dá)進(jìn)行總結(jié)整理，并經(jīng)常翻看，加深印象。

  句子：

  分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，包括句子所屬的類型，是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列復(fù)合句還是主從復(fù)合句，主句、從句、連接詞分別是什么;

  劃分句子主謂賓，然后試著理解這句話的含義。

  文章：

  弄清文章段落邏輯。對(duì)單句進(jìn)行精讀之后，從宏觀的角度看看每個(gè)段落的大意是什么，句子間及段落間的邏輯關(guān)系(因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列等)，劃出邏輯標(biāo)志詞。

  這些精讀方法是一種長(zhǎng)線作戰(zhàn)，積累練習(xí)，目的是提高閱讀能力，為考試打下良好基礎(chǔ)。

  Tip4：對(duì)重要部分標(biāo)注

  在閱讀的過程中，如果看到人名、地名或機(jī)構(gòu)名以及其他關(guān)鍵詞，劃線標(biāo)注一下。同樣對(duì)于一些專業(yè)術(shù)語，文章中往往還會(huì)給出定義，這些也同樣要標(biāo)注一下。

  一般這些具體名稱大多數(shù)肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)在后面的問題中，所以提前標(biāo)注可以利用關(guān)鍵詞技巧來定位答案。另外，劃線的關(guān)鍵詞可能會(huì)對(duì)其他問題有幫助。

  如下文標(biāo)注一些關(guān)鍵詞、數(shù)字、地理位置等。

  The study surveys children's scientific knowledge and attitudes to rainforests.Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions.The most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are self-evident from the term 'rainforest'.Some children described them as damp,wet or hot.The second questionconcerned the geographicallocation of rainforests. The commonest responses were continents or countries: Africa(given by 43% of children),South America (30%), Brazil (25%). Some children also gave more general locations, such as being near the Equator.

  這就叫做磨刀不誤砍柴工，標(biāo)注這些詞可以方便之后快速查閱，這種多任務(wù)的閱讀方式可以節(jié)省時(shí)間，另外童鞋們要注意文章中出現(xiàn)的一些詞在問題中可能會(huì)被同義替換，大家一定要擦亮眼睛注意識(shí)別哦!

  以上就是上海新航道雅思小編整理的關(guān)于雅思閱讀的相關(guān)信息，希望大家能夠?qū)λ鶎W(xué)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行融會(huì)貫通，在備考雅思考試的時(shí)候，針對(duì)自己的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)膮⒖己徒梃b，才有利于提高自己的成績(jī)，從而提高雅思成績(jī)。