剛開始接觸托福閱讀的你，看到一長(zhǎng)段文章是不是瑟瑟發(fā)抖?拿到簡(jiǎn)化句子題是不是經(jīng)常被長(zhǎng)難句繞得云里霧里，不知道從哪里入手?別急，莫慌!今天我們就以TPO21 Passage2 Question5為例，告訴你如何搞定托福閱讀簡(jiǎn)化句子題。

  第一步：剝邏輯

  拿到原句和四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，我們先把邏輯“剝”一遍，看看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)和陰影里的原句在邏輯上是否一致。

  簡(jiǎn)化句子題里常見的邏輯關(guān)系有兩種：因果邏輯和轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。這兩種邏輯關(guān)系，想必你都不陌生，但是需要注意的是，因果邏輯關(guān)系詞除了because和so這兩個(gè)老朋友之外，你還需要盡快熟悉due to、owing to、lead to、thereby、therefore、thus、allowing for等新朋友;轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系詞除了but和however，你還需要把while、whereas、despite、though、nevertheless等謹(jǐn)記于心。

  那現(xiàn)在我們一起來看看陰影里的原句用的是什么邏輯關(guān)系詞，出現(xiàn)的又是哪種邏輯：

  The temperature increased dramatically in ashort period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth ofthe hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources.

  原句里用的邏輯關(guān)系詞是allowing for和due to，表示因果邏輯。

  我們?cè)倏此膫€(gè)選項(xiàng)：

  A. The resources needed by the growinghunting and gathering population increased rapidly once temperatures rose.

  B. Dramatic temperature increases and thesimultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population led to the need formore resources.

  C. Higher temperatures led to the existenceof increased resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population togrow.

  D. The dramatic temperature increaseoccurred during the few years when abundant resources allowed the hunting andgathering population to grow.

  四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里跟原句邏輯關(guān)系一致，有因果邏輯關(guān)系詞的是B選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)用的因果邏輯關(guān)系詞是led to, C選項(xiàng)用的因果邏輯關(guān)系詞是led to和thus。

  第二步：剝結(jié)構(gòu)、語義

  經(jīng)過上一步剝邏輯以后，我們確定優(yōu)先要比對(duì)的選項(xiàng)是B和C，接下來就要把原句和選項(xiàng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、語義剝出來進(jìn)行比對(duì)，確定正確答案。

  The temperature increased dramatically in ashort period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth ofthe hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources.

  翻譯：溫度在短時(shí)間內(nèi)急劇增長(zhǎng)，使得人口由于資源的豐富得到了增長(zhǎng)。

  原因：溫度的增長(zhǎng)和資源的豐富

  結(jié)果：人口的增長(zhǎng)

  B. Dramatic temperature increases and thesimultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population led to the need formore resources.

  翻譯：急劇的溫度增長(zhǎng)以及同時(shí)的人口數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致了對(duì)更多資源的需求。

  原因：溫度增長(zhǎng)和人口數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)

  結(jié)果：更多資源的需求

  C. Higher temperatures led to the existenceof increased resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population togrow.

  翻譯：更高的溫度導(dǎo)致了增長(zhǎng)的資源，從而導(dǎo)致了人口數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)。

  原因：更高的溫度，增長(zhǎng)的資源

  結(jié)果：人口數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)

  通過上面我們對(duì)原句和選項(xiàng)在結(jié)構(gòu)、語義上的比對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，B選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了因果倒置的情況，C選項(xiàng)和原文一致是正確答案。

  這就是托福閱讀簡(jiǎn)化句子題抽絲剝繭的過程，你學(xué)會(huì)了嗎?更多托福資訊，請(qǐng)關(guān)注托福頻道  .