小編在名師說第一期中

  雅思8分導(dǎo)師、5分救星楊凱老師

  給大家分析了口語提不高的幾個(gè)原因

  并且支招各位考生

  雅思口語到底該怎樣練習(xí)

  今天名師說第二期

  為大家?guī)砀韶浀氖俏覀?

  雅思、托福主講章建麗老師

  為大家說道說道

  “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句及并列復(fù)合句

  上海新航道雅思、托福主講

  上海師范大學(xué)教育學(xué)碩士

  高等學(xué)校教師資格證書持有者

  “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”

  引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  大家經(jīng)常在雅思閱讀文章中看到由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，也就是說定語從句的關(guān)系副詞when、where、why可以用“介詞+which”來代替，關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞+先行詞。這類定語從句主要用于正式文體，在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。

  when=表時(shí)間的介詞(如：in、at、during等)+which

  Where=表地點(diǎn)的介詞(如：in、at、on、under等)+which

  Why=表原因的介詞(如：for)+which

  很多同學(xué)不清楚如何理解和選擇這類從句中關(guān)系代詞前的介詞，這有時(shí)會(huì)影響閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確度進(jìn)而影響答題的正確率。這里給大家提供三原則：一先、二動(dòng)、三意義。

  一先，即根據(jù)先行詞的搭配關(guān)系來選擇

  I never forget the day on which I came to this university. (on the day)

  二動(dòng)，即根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系來選擇

  This is the watch on which I spent 9000 yuan. (spend money on sth.)

  三意義，即根據(jù)定語從句的意義來確定介詞

  That is my pair of glasses, without which I cannot see clearly.

  雅思閱讀中的這類的句子，如DNA： the substance in which genetic information is stored.

  in which=where

  DNA是儲(chǔ)存基因信息的物質(zhì)

  Breeding seasons in animals such as birds have evolved to occupy the part of the year in which offspring have the greatest chances of survival.

  in which=when

  動(dòng)物比方說鳥類的繁殖季節(jié)已經(jīng)進(jìn)化發(fā)展到占據(jù)一年當(dāng)中的一段時(shí)間，在這段時(shí)間里子孫后代的存活幾率比較大。

  并列句和并列復(fù)合句

  并列復(fù)合句在雅思考試中有廣泛的運(yùn)用，但很多同學(xué)容易把并列句和并列復(fù)合句混淆。在此先從英語句子的分類入手，把英語句子按結(jié)構(gòu)的分類弄清楚，為聽說讀寫特別是長難句分析打好基礎(chǔ)。

  1.簡單句：一個(gè)主語(或并列主語)+一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞(或并列謂語)

  2.并列句：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句

  3.復(fù)合句：主句+從句

  其中，復(fù)合句可以分為兩類：

  (1)主從復(fù)合句: 三大類從句即定語從句，狀語從句，名詞性從句

  (2)并列復(fù)合句: 把并列句中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)簡單句替換成主從復(fù)合句

  比方說：

  He is my friend and that’s why I accepted the task.

  簡單句+包含表語從句的復(fù)合句

  I ask him when we’ll go to the zoo , but he doesn’t know.

  包含賓語從句的復(fù)合句+簡單句

  It’s a mass extinction, and whether we will ever rebound from the loss is difficult to know.

  簡單句+包含主語從句的復(fù)合句

  主從并列句和并列復(fù)合句中常用的連詞有：

  And、so、not only…but also、otherwise、or 、neither…nor、either…or、but、yet、while、for等。

  并列復(fù)合句在雅思聽說讀寫中

  都有廣泛運(yùn)用

  1.雅思口語(并列復(fù)合句可以出現(xiàn)在回答中)

  喜好題：Do you like watching films?

  Films enable me to experience different lives, and the best part of it is that I always learn something that I can never learn from anywhere else.

  簡單句+包含表語從句的復(fù)合句

  偏好題：Do you receive lots of gifts on your birthday?

  Definitely! All of my family and friends know that I am a big fan of perfumes and bags, so they buy me all kinds of perfumes and bags as gifts.

  包含賓語從句的復(fù)合句+簡單句

  人物類題：Describe a creative person that you admire.

  He is not a tall player among those who played in the 2016 Euro Cup, yet he always runs pretty fast during the matches.

  包含定語從句的復(fù)合句+簡單句

  2.雅思寫作(并列復(fù)合句直接出現(xiàn)在題目中)

  環(huán)境類題：Some people think that individuals can do nothing to improve the environment, and only the government and big companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

  包含賓語從句的復(fù)合句+簡單句

  并列復(fù)合句可以出現(xiàn)在回答中

  教育類題 ： Volunteer work organized by middle schools brings more benefits than problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

  We cannot rule out the possibilities that community service is not well-planned so it can lead to the overuse of volunteers’ time and energy.

  包含同位語從句的復(fù)合句+簡單句

  政府類題 ： Instead of asking the government to bear the cost of higher education, students should pay tuition fees themselves. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

  My opinion is that students’ personal situation should be considered before the government decides whether to fund the candidates, and I believe this will enhance both fairness and efficiency in the whole society.

  包含表語從句和狀語從句的復(fù)合句+包含賓語從句的復(fù)合句構(gòu)成的并列復(fù)合句

  本期的名師說就到這里了

  如果你對(duì)老師的觀點(diǎn)

  或?qū)ρ潘伎荚囉衅渌魏我苫?

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  我們一定會(huì)盡力為你解答!

  下期見

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