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今天新航道名師為大家奉上雅思寫作邂逅地圖題：Take it easy的文章，供大家參考，以下是詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。

地圖題寫作有別于數(shù)據(jù)圖，構(gòu)思方面沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)圖那么復(fù)雜，只需按照方位合理描寫即可;但在語(yǔ)言駕馭，令大家都感到很陌生。所以寫好地圖題的重點(diǎn)在于讀題，我們需要清晰明確的理解所有圖標(biāo)含義,進(jìn)而確定寫作思路;而寫作的難點(diǎn)在于怎樣準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)方位，時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用和句式的變換。地圖題分兩種，一種為地理變遷題，一種為選址題。

 

　　I.寫作思路：

 

　　開頭段：簡(jiǎn)介地圖內(nèi)容+總結(jié)可能的總體特征(發(fā)展)

　　主體段：按方位順序描述圖表(按照變化或是位置寫)，注意方位詞的正確使用和銜接

　　結(jié)尾段：重申總體特征(可省略)

 

　　II.分類：

 

　　一、地理變遷：

 

　　地理變遷題描述的是一個(gè)地方(多為一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn))在一段時(shí)間的發(fā)展變化。

 

　　1. 時(shí)態(tài)

　　(1)如果地圖題反映的是一個(gè)地方在過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間的變化，文章用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　(2)如果地圖題反映的是一個(gè)地方在將來(lái)一段時(shí)間的變化趨勢(shì)，文章用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或表“估計(jì)”的詞匯。 Be predicted to do / be expected to do

　　(3)如果地圖題反映的是一個(gè)地方從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的變化，可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

　　e.g.

　　1. 現(xiàn)在停車場(chǎng)改成了一個(gè)劇院。

　　The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.

　　2. 城鎮(zhèn)A的家庭數(shù)量從1937年到2020年將翻一番。

　　The number of homes in Town A is likely to double.

　　(be likely to = be predicted to / be estimated to/ be projected to/ be expected to )

　　又可為：

　　It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double.

　　(It is likely that = It is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that…)

 

　　2. 細(xì)節(jié)變化

　　地圖每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)變化都要提到，不要忽視一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)

 

　　3. 語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　地圖題多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　如： 2000年在城鎮(zhèn)A 新建了一個(gè)醫(yī)院：A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000.

 

　　4. 地圖題的書寫順序

　　地圖題的書寫順序：時(shí)間順序和空間順序

　　描述一個(gè)地區(qū)隨著時(shí)間年份而產(chǎn)生的變化和發(fā)展，我們需要按照時(shí)間順序進(jìn)行描述來(lái)展現(xiàn)合理的邏輯順序。另外，對(duì)每一年中地區(qū)變化的描述，我們要注意按方位順序來(lái)描述，否則文章會(huì)出現(xiàn)混亂。這就需要我們對(duì)方位詞進(jìn)行總結(jié)。值得注意的是，地圖題的方位我們說(shuō)東西南北，不說(shuō)成左右。

　　e.g.

　　(1)A 在B 的東方/西方/南方/北方

　　A is / lies / is located / is situated in /on / to the east / west / south / north of B

　　(in 表A 在B 內(nèi)部， ON 表A 和B接壤，TO 表A 和B 分開)

　　(2)A 在B 內(nèi)部的某個(gè)部位

　　A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part of B.

　　(3)A在B 西北部的120 千米處

　　A lies 120 kilometers to the northwest of B.

　　(4)A 在B…..角落

　　A is at /in the south-eastern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部， in表A 在B 內(nèi)部)

　　(5)在河流或道路的南邊/北邊等

　　On the south / southern side of the river

　　On both sides of the road

　　On the other side

　　(6)臨近馬路的地區(qū)

　　The area adjacent to / near / next to/ just off the road

　　(7)在道路或河流的最南端

　　At the southern end of the river

　　(8)A 在B 的對(duì)面

　　A is on the opposite side of B

　　A is opposite B

　　(9)A 在B 東部的邊界上(A 在B外部)

　　A is on the eastern border of B

　　(10)A 在B 東部邊緣上 (A 在B 內(nèi)部)

　　A is on/ along the eastern edge of B

 

　　5. “變化”詞匯

　　地圖題描述的是一個(gè)地區(qū)的變化，那么“變化”詞匯必須過(guò)關(guān)。

　　分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，變化包括兩種：圖形原有事物的改變，圖形新添事物。

　　(1)原有事物的改變：

　　→原有事物可說(shuō)成：

　　The original / previous / former garden

　　→原有事物尺寸上變大/變?。?/p>

　　The size of the library has been enlarged / extended / halved / reduced by half

　　→原有事物在數(shù)量上增多或減少：

　　The number of homes has increased / risen / grown /reduced / decreased / dropped / fallen / doubled / tripled / quadrupled to 500.

　　→原有事物沒(méi)了：

　　The farms completely disappeared / were removed.

　　→原有事物被改為：

　　A becomes B

　　A is transformed / reconstructed / redeveloped / converted / changed / turned over to / into B

　　A is replaced / substituted by B = A gives way to B

 

　　(2)新添事物

　　A newly-built road

　　A new car park was built / established / set up / constructed / completed and opened in the middle of B

　　A new IT centre has been added to the library

　　例如：

　　題目：The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present.

 

Introduction：

　　This report compares how the village of Ryemouth has developed and changed since the year of 1995.

　　Body：

　　As is clearly described in the first picture, Ryemouth was a coastal city which was divided into three parts by two roads. In the southern part, there was a fishing port on the sea, with a fish market located in the north and a coffee shop in the north-east. A block of shops was situated on the opposite side of the market……

　　In the second picture, the village changed a lot. The fishing port has been removed and the fish market is replaced by apartments. Several restaurants also occupy the place of the shops on the roadside. Moreover, a parking lot is newly built on the east of the hotel. In addition, ……

　　Conclusion：

　　Overall, based on the brief description above, it is clear that the general layout of the village does not change a lot, while some newly-built facilities and housing has ornamented the small village.

 

　　二、選址題

 

　　如劍5 TEST 3 TASK 1 The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket. 為一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的超市選址， 有兩個(gè)位置 S1 和S2 供選擇。

　　選址題并不難寫，主要注意兩點(diǎn)：

　　1. 位置描述

　　2. 優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

　　這篇文章我們BODY段可分兩段，分別陳述：

　　S1的位置及位置相應(yīng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

　　S2的位置及位置相應(yīng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

　　其中表位置的方位詞已在前文有總結(jié)
 

Introduction：

　　The map illustrates two feasible locations for a new supermarket of the city G.

　　Body：

　　S1 lies in the north-west of countryside which is 12km to H. Though s1 is far from B, C and housing, people can still get there by railway and by three main roads. We can establish the parking area and other infrastructure because it has an adequate space.

　　On the contrary, S2 is located in the south of town center where is rounded by the housing. The other three citizens can arrive there simply by the transportation. So it has a large number of clients. However, there is a serious/deadly problem with no traffic zone. That means there is any transportation in the town center. It is not convenient for people to carry heavy goods.

　　Conclusion：

 

　　Over all, both S1 and S2 are not perfect choice, but S1 offers more advantages than S2 to the population of G.