要想考到一個好的分數，除了日積月累的做練習題補充基礎，還要學會一些考試的技巧和解題的方法才能有所突破，今天新航道SAT小編要分享的是SAT語法。

  找錯題VS 改錯題

  句子找錯題(ISE)和句子改錯題(IS)考察的知識側重點和能力不盡相同，考生只有區別性的對待和總結這兩種題型，才能游刃有余。句子找錯題雖然看起來題目簡短，但是難度很大，特別是國際高中的學生或者沒有系統學習過語法的學生對這類題非常頭疼，因為考生會覺得4個劃線部分都沒有錯，只能跟著感覺走。拿下這種題，需要扎實的語法基本功，并且要掌握這類題的兩個出題原則，一個是“寬容原則”，當考生覺得四個劃線部分，也就是A，B，C，D都沒有明顯錯誤時，要果斷的選擇E(No error)，當考生認為某個選項可改可不改時，就不要改，也就是不能用對的改對的。這個原則要和另一個原則搭配使用：當考生在動詞或代詞選項和E選項中不知如何選擇時，一定要選擇動詞或代詞的選項，因為它們是最大的“嫌疑犯”，大部分題目都考動詞和代詞的錯誤;當考生在短語搭配和E選項中無法選擇時，建議選擇E選項。下面看一個句子找錯題：

  In many parts of the world where (A) grasses cover vast expanses of land, periodic, controlled burning is practiced (B) in order to keep woody brush from gaining (C) a foothold and it stimulates (D) continuing grass growth. No error (E)本題句意比較難理解，有些考生在沒有完全理解透句意的時候也會覺得D選項的it可能指代controlled burning，但是按照剛才第二個原則，代詞劃線了，就不要放過這個嫌疑犯，所以答案應該選擇D，按照句意，正確表達應改為from stimulating

  句子改錯題就是另一番風景了，而且規律較多，主要有“不做大手術”、不一定選最短、“見光生和見光死”等原則。“不做大手術”，意思就是不在萬不得已的情況下，不要對原句進行翻天覆地的改變;很多題目特別是考并列平行知識點的題目，答案往往不是選最短的，所以大家不要看到最短就選;“見光生”指的是同位語，只要選項出現同位語，這個選項必然是正確的;如下是幾個見光死的例子： one’s doing, the doing, because of doing, considering that, in that, being that, …is because, …is why，改錯題出現這些表達，此選項一定錯誤。下面結合這幾個原則看一個難題：

  Lois has learned more about Arna Bontemps’ writings than the rest of us because of being her favorite author.

  (A) us because of being her favorite author

  (B) us; this is the result of Bontemps’ being her favorite author

  (C) us because Bontemps is her favorite author

  (D) us as a result of Bontemps’ being her favorite author

  (E) us since Bontemps is her favorite as an author

  本題劃線部分出現見光死because of doing,直接排除，同理B、D選項的Bontemps’ doing也是見光死，C和E中選擇簡潔的C選項。

  難題突破

  一般說來，容易出錯的題要么是那些錯誤隱蔽的題，要么是涉及到平日考生不夠熟悉的知識點的題目，這些題目考生會在做官方指南和真題冊時碰到，平時應注意總結。我把難題的考法總結為以下幾類：固定搭配，代詞不劃線，“潛規則”，獨立主格結構，虛擬語氣。下面舉幾個難題的例子：

  1. Winston Churchill, unlike (A) many English prime ministers before him (B), had deep insight into (C) the workings of (D) the human mind. No error (E)

  本題很多考生會選擇C或者D，但是按照剛才講過的原則，不要隨便找短語搭配的錯誤以及復數名詞一般沒有錯，這兩個選項都排除了，應該選E。做完這個題后，考生應當總結固定搭配insight into,以及workings是運行原理的意思。

  2. Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he failed to keep either of them after the election.

  A. Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he

  B. The candidate, having promised both to cut taxes and improve services,

  C. Although the candidate made promises both to cut taxes and improve services, he

  D. Having promised, first, to cut taxes and, second, to improve services, the candidate

  E. The candidate’s promises were both to cut taxes and improve services, he

  本題考點非常隱蔽，導致考生選擇A(No error).但是讀完這個題干以后，就會發現句末有一個keep either of them的表達，代詞them沒有劃線，但是仍然擺脫不了最大嫌疑犯的罪名，其實這個them應該指代promises, 但是上文沒有名詞promises，所以應選擇C。

  3. Although he played a leading role in planning spacecraft expeditions, Dr. Carl Sagan refused to accept praise for the plans he designed nor otherwise profiting from later advancements in space exploration.

  A. designed nor otherwise profiting

  B. had designed nor otherwise did he profit

  C. has designed nor otherwise to have profited

  D. designed or otherwise profited

  E. had designed or otherwise to profit

  對于本題，首先應該掌握or otherwise這個搭配，另外結合課上講的虛擬語氣大三標志之一的otherwise識別出此題考察虛擬語氣，而且是和過去事實不符，所以動詞應該用had done，答案應該選擇E。

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