最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)，可能對(duì)于每一個(gè)在課堂上學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)英語(yǔ)的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)都不陌生。新SAT語(yǔ)法同類考試是這樣描述最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)的In most cases, you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the statement appropriate for standard written English or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the passage as a whole.這句話其實(shí)也包含了GMCC的一些點(diǎn)，充分證明我們之前的總結(jié)是正確的。Express the idea是meaning的要求，statement appropriate for standard written English是grammar的要求，worded consistently是concise和consistent的要求。而best是統(tǒng)領(lǐng)這些部分的，有些選項(xiàng)是有一個(gè)或多個(gè)缺陷的，有的題目可能四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可能都不是很好，這個(gè)時(shí)候需要討論出一個(gè)最好的選項(xiàng)。這就是最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)含義。

  最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)含義并不是有些考生認(rèn)為的“瞎蒙”，在一些涉及單詞意思、文章主旨的題目中，往往最后是最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)含義的思維方式幫助我們確定最后的正確答案。比如

  例題1

  Having a résumé that notes volunteer experience is highly beneficial.

  Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable?

  F. says

  G. lists

  H. describes

  J. Mentions

  解析1：

  Note就是記錄的意思，沒(méi)有什么特別之處。FGHJ在意思上與Note并不遠(yuǎn)，似乎每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是可以替換的。但是每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不能完美替換，比如F強(qiáng)調(diào)是說(shuō)出的內(nèi)容G強(qiáng)調(diào)有規(guī)律地列表H強(qiáng)調(diào)note的詳細(xì)程度，是比較詳細(xì)認(rèn)真的J和H相反，可能是提及，一筆帶過(guò)的感覺(jué)。似乎HJ有些矛盾，似乎每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都美中不足。這個(gè)時(shí)候需要我們用最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)方法的思維去思考這個(gè)問(wèn)題。思考這個(gè)問(wèn)題的主要方式和角度就是到底這些詞在這里用還有什么不妥之處?GHJ三個(gè)選項(xiàng)雖然都各有側(cè)重，但是給題目中給出的背景設(shè)置并沒(méi)有明顯沖突的部分。然而F是有明顯的沖突部分。因?yàn)閟ay強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，而簡(jiǎn)歷是不會(huì)說(shuō)話的。因此這就是一個(gè)硬傷了。因此F。

  這個(gè)題目告訴我們最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)方法在選項(xiàng)中糾結(jié)徘徊時(shí)往往有奇效，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)诳催x項(xiàng)的時(shí)候往往會(huì)情不自禁地給他們做個(gè)對(duì)比，往往這樣的對(duì)比其實(shí)是不需要的。而這樣的對(duì)比往往能夠幫助我們看出某些選項(xiàng)的瑕疵，但是對(duì)于看出某些選項(xiàng)的硬傷還是很難看出來(lái)。這時(shí)就需要我們用該方法去發(fā)現(xiàn)硬傷排除答案或者鎖定答案。

  在涉及主旨的部分，往往能夠看到這個(gè)原則的使用。

  例題2

  原文略

  Suppose the writer's goal was to draft an essay that would show the influence of one American author on the work of future authors. Does this essay successfully accomplish this goal?

  F. Yes, because it describes an interesting group of authors and focuses on the literature of a particular country.

  G. Yes, because it gives a brief description of Sherwood Anderson's writing career and discusses his influence on writers whom his work inspired.

  H. No, because it limits the focus to the contrasts between American writing and. European writing.

  J. No, because it refers only to events that took place in the twenties and thirties.

  解析2

  這種題目常常在一篇文章中最后出現(xiàn)，對(duì)全文的提煉要求比較高。H、J是不對(duì)的，因?yàn)樵幕旧婕暗侥繕?biāo)。(這里的tips就是limits only這樣的詞一定要注意)F、G都是支持完成這個(gè)目標(biāo)的，但是理由有差異。F中的部分原文中也有涉及，說(shuō)完全錯(cuò)的并不客觀。但是focus on這個(gè)用的過(guò)分了，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有G描述得更加客觀。這就是為什么說(shuō)最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)在選擇正確選項(xiàng)時(shí)往往起著敲定最后一錘的作用。對(duì)自己把握文章意思能力信心不足的同學(xué)，有“選擇困難癥”的同學(xué)，要有意識(shí)地提高自己使用最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)原則選擇正確選項(xiàng)的能力。

  習(xí)題：

  These photographs are indicative of the delicate balance between feminine appeal and masculine labor that was expected of all women throughout World War II. *Although its success lasted only a decade, the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League’s role in expanding opportunities for women during World War II and thereafter is everlasting.

  If the writer were to delete the words silk, fashionable, and red from the preceding sentence, it would primarily lose:

  A. details that have already been presented in the vivid imagery of the previous sentence.

  B. a digression from the focus of this paragraph on the athletic talent of the players.

  C. description of what was written in the captions accompanying the photographs.

  D. details that highlight the femininity of the players in contrast to the masculinity of the game.

  答案：

  A中說(shuō)前文已經(jīng)有生動(dòng)的刻畫了，事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有。

  B確實(shí)偏離了athletic talent of the players,看上去合理，但是和正確選項(xiàng)比較的話，focus是硬傷，因?yàn)槲恼虏](méi)有focus on運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦，因此所謂的偏離相對(duì)于正確選項(xiàng)來(lái)說(shuō)就遜色了。

  C中caption沒(méi)有討論過(guò)。

  D是正確的。

  因此D

  篇幅所致，這里并沒(méi)有給出全部原文。但是真正需要用這個(gè)最優(yōu)選項(xiàng)方法做題目時(shí)，一定要關(guān)注原文，至少是該段落中的其他句子，往往有反駁一些選項(xiàng)的依據(jù)。另外就是注意選項(xiàng)中一些表達(dá)過(guò)于極端的詞匯。比如最高級(jí)、完全否定、唯一等，往往是一些魚目混珠的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)最終被剔除的依據(jù)。

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