SATOG閱讀詞匯之揭秘印第安神話篇

  1. 重要概念類詞匯

  Motives/customs/aspiration/tendency/ motivated/mysticism/ambition/introspection / pristine / incomprehensible / deductive / automatically / reserve / civilized / occasion / attempt / formulate / ancestor & descendant / encompass / pleaser / difficulty / philosophical / satisfying / dependable / vanish / monopoly / divergent / cast on / viable / exclusive / perceive / deal in / expedient / dissemination / accomplish / literate / chronological / tribal / preservation / religious rituals / strike / evidence / archaeology / documentation / void / educated guess / expose / abrupt / wrenching / reflection / establish / colonial / current / replenish cultural bias / diversity / argument / anthropological / novelty / stereotype(critical point) / essential / precondition / influence / disadvantage / credential / predecessor / complication / statistics analyses / measurement / fossil / physical / characteristic / artifact / homogenization / universality / scholar / academia / objective / culpable ignorance / error

  2. 觀點(diǎn)類用語

  fundamentally/ profoundly / self serving / self righteous / certainly/ simply/ assume seldom /rarely/ preconception(先入為主的觀點(diǎn)比較容易形成prejudice & stereotype)/ prejudge/ behold/ wander/ obviously/ ordinary/ must /consistently/ reluctance/misconception/ subjective/particularly/ demanding/ reassuring/ inexact /unreliable/ culture-bound/ absolute/ rigorous/ prejudice/ impression/ initially(最初的想法，與finally & ultimately 對(duì)應(yīng))/ disillusionment / demythologize(critical 的標(biāo)志詞匯，破除迷信) fantasy/ abandon/ suggest/ debunk/ exclusively/ contradiction(矛盾也是critical 的詞匯，在CR中，矛盾通常是指(1)第一人稱小說當(dāng)中的主人公的心里矛盾(2)idealism Vs. realism 的矛盾)/ must/ criticism/ oblivious/ overly/ excessively/ anxious/ faulty /conclusion(下結(jié)論之后的觀點(diǎn)一般是主要觀點(diǎn))/ unlikelihood/ settle the differences/ rebelliousness/ inertia(懶惰)/self-denial(自我否定是放棄類的詞匯，多數(shù)不選除非懷此心態(tài)者是反面典型)/ / shortage/challenge/ original/ may(原文是可能，選項(xiàng)是事實(shí)為錯(cuò);反正不能算錯(cuò))/ would/ doubt / declaim(不要與disclaim混淆) acknowledge/ fallible/ beneficial/ possibility/ false

  3. 基本邏輯類用語

  stem from/since/ though/ just/ like/ equivalent/ however/ longevity(這里表示一個(gè)事物的延續(xù)時(shí)間，等同于continuity)/ fuel(生動(dòng)的表現(xiàn)了因果關(guān)系) /but /more/ associate/ with/ outside/ as/ progressive/ in that /but /rather /less than /therefore /drew a parallel /determine /base on

  4. 復(fù)雜句型

  (1)Part of problem may well stem from the long-standing tendency of European or Euro-American thinkers to regard Native Americans as fundamentally and profoundly different, motivated more often by mysticism than by ambition, charged more by unfathomable visions than by intelligence or introspection.

  點(diǎn)評(píng)： A. stem from 表現(xiàn)的意思是由于，但是為啥這里要用stem這個(gè)單詞而不用result 或者come呢，原因我想應(yīng)該和這篇文章作者的意圖是有直接關(guān)系的，文章中作者想去批判一個(gè)根深蒂固的偏見，所以提到這個(gè)偏見原因的時(shí)候用了stem(根)這個(gè)單詞的時(shí)候是非常合適和生動(dòng)的。B. motivated 和charged 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞在這句話中的作用是運(yùn)用過去分詞修飾前面的Native Americans的觀點(diǎn)，所以這兩個(gè)單詞的意思應(yīng)該一樣的，如果遇到詞匯題，那么同學(xué)們要學(xué)會(huì)通過這兩個(gè)平行動(dòng)詞去確定意思。C. may 和regard…as…是觀點(diǎn)標(biāo)志詞，注意may是一種假設(shè)不是事實(shí)就可以了

  (2)Native Americans, though obviously contemporary with their observers, were somehow regarded as ancient, examples of what Atone Age Europeans must have been like. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：A. 插入語要學(xué)會(huì)跳躍，把他放在文章的最后去讀這樣讀起來比較輕松，否則，你自己就是沒事找事了。B. Must have been like看似好像是一種假設(shè)語氣，但是這里加了must了語氣就很極端了，在我看來不夠客觀，存在潛在的批判點(diǎn)。

  (3)Western historians, cultural-bound by their own approach to knowledge, are apt to declaim that next to nothing, save the evidence of archaeology, can be known of early Native American life.

  點(diǎn)評(píng)：A.插入語故技重施B. Save的意思是通過這些證據(jù)，科學(xué)家可能知道早期NA的生活。

  B.bound & own 在這里的意思是限制的意思，一語道破了這些歷史學(xué)家的問題，那就是受到文化和自身學(xué)術(shù)研究方法的限制，換言之，這群人不愿意從別人的文化去思考問題或者做學(xué)問。同學(xué)們以后都是準(zhǔn)備去美國名校讀書了，你想想這些名校會(huì)選擇被這寫偏見占據(jù)思維了的人嗎?顯然不會(huì)，所以通過SAT閱讀就能夠知道你的思維是不是一個(gè)思想保守，固守偏見的一個(gè)人了。

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